Cutter head



CUTTER HEAD Filed April 25, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR nu; Je.

Aug. 16, 1927.

J. Aa EDEN, JR

CUTTER HEAD Filed April 25,'1924 5 sheets-sheet 3 NJB.

[N V EN TOR u a. SA.EDE

TO/(NEY Patented Aug. 16, 1927.

AUNITED STATES 1,639,028 PATENT OFFICE.

YJAMES A. EDEN, JR., F SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, Ass'IGNoR To WALTER H. n FOSTER, or' NEW YORK-N. Y. Y l

CUTTER HEAD. n

Application fi1edApri1'25, 1924. Serial No. 708,840.

This invention aims to provide a cutterhead having yin'iproved means for adjusting the blades and guides thereof andr also 1mproved means for rigidly clamping the blades and guides to the head so that they will not be displaced by the influence of the forces exerted in cutting the Work.

'An embodiment ot' Vthe invention is illustrated inthe accompanying drawings in which A Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view on a 'small scale showing my improved cutter-head mounted on a vertically adjustable carriage of a bolt turning machine;

Fig. 2 is an inverted plan oil the head;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section thereof on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4- is a horizontal section on line 4--4 oi' Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary plan ofthe cutter-head casting, parts shown in Fig. 2 being omitted in the interest of clearness;

Fig.` 6 is. a' fragmentary section on line 6`6of Fig. 2; n

Fig. 7 is a front view of a pair of clamp blocks and a coacting clamp Wedge shown in Fig.V 6';

Fig. 8 is a detail view of av clamping Wedge; Fig. 9 is a section thereof on line 9-9 ot Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is an underside plan of parts f shown in Fig. 7'

Fig. 11 is a detail plan of a clamp block; 'l Fig. -12 is a section on line 12-12 of Fig. 3; f

Figs. 13 to 17 inclusive are d etail views of a. guide and a cutter-blade, Figs. 15 and 16 being inverted plans of Figs.` 13 and 14 40 and Fig. 17 being a detail section on line 17'-17 of Fig. 14;y y'

Figs. 18 and 19 are detail viewsvof a pair of coacting Wedges;

Fig. 20 is a detail perspective of a bearing for an adjusting screw. y

Referring to the embodiment of the 1nvention illustrated, the cutter-head representedas a Whole by numeral 10 may be mounted in either a vertical position as shown or in a horizontal position or in an inclined position if desired or for some classes of Work the` head may be mounted in an upright position reverse to that shown in the drawings. l

such blades and three gui-des, one guidebe- -As illustratedV in'l Fig. 1 the hea-d 10 is 55 secured to the vertically adjustable'carriage 12 which is guided in suitable Ways formed in the uprights 14 and 16. The work fw illus-l trated is a long bolt Whose head 18 engages a chuck 20 which is rotated' in any suitable manner as for example by a spindle 22 driven by a Worm'wheel 24." The bolt w 'shown in the drawings 'is tapered slightly,

from the head 18 toward the ropposite end 26. For turning such tapered work, IV provide tapered blades 28 and taperedv guides 30v shown in detail in Figs. 13and 14. The blade 28 is Wider at one end as indicated by the dimension line ai than it is at the opposite end indicated by dimensionline'g/ and the guides 30 are each Wider' at one end as indicated by dimension mthan at the other end indicated by dimension fn, the cutting edge 32 being slightly inclined from vthe vertical and the guiding edge 33 being oppositely inclined to the same degree. The head is provided with a plurality of cutter-blades 28 and a plurality ofvworkV engaging` guides 30. In the head illust-rated there vare three ing located diametrically opposite each blade. The construction and mounting for the` several blades is; the same and theconstruction andV mounting "for the several guides is the saine, therefore, a description of one set Will sutlice for all. The design is such that each blade can be lindividually adjusted and improved means are provided whereby the latter can be rigidly clamped in their adjusted positions. The arrangement is such that one set can ybe clamped in position without affecting the setting of the other sets. The rear edge 34 of each blade is truly vertical and adapted to contact with the straight edge y36 of a Wedge vmember 38 having a number of Wedge portions" 40 Whichbear against similar Wedge portions 42 on a coacting Wedge member 411 `Whose rear face 46bears on a flat machined .seat

48 formed in the cutter-head. The rsurface 48 is parallel with the rear Ysurface 34 of While I have referred to the surface 34 as being truly vertical, of course, it is to be understood that the h-ead may be used in a horizontal as well as vertical position.

At one end ine wedge member 44 has a numberI of teeth 50 cut therein for coop eration with the threads 52 of an adjustingl screw whose shank 54 is rotatably mounted in a bushing or bearing 56 which is fitted in a socket or counterbore 58 formed in the cutterhead casing. One end of the screw bears aga-inst an annular flange 60 extending inward from the cylindrical portion 62 of the shell of the cutter-head. A shoulder 64 is formed on the screw and bears against the top surface of the bearingl 5G. The latter is held in place in the cutter-head and prevent ed from turning by means of a key screw 66 the head of which engages a notch G8 formed in the cylindrical wall of the bearing. The cutter-head is provided with a counterbore 70 to accommodate the head of the screw 6G. The bearing 56 is flattened olf at 72 and forms a 'guiding surface for the lower end of the wedge member 44. The adjusting screws 54 are squared olf as at 74 to permit manipulation thereof either by wrench or special adjusting` tool. .lt is clear that turning the screw 54 will move one of the wedge members relatively to the other and that by reason of the engagement of their inclined surfaces will cause the blade 28 to be moved toward 4the work or toward the axis of Vthe cutter-head. By providing the wedge memn bers with a multiplicity of coacting tapered Ysurfaces a much wider range of ladjustment can be secured than would be possible if the tapered eoacting wedge surface ran from one end of the wedge member to the other without being stepped or interrupted as shown.

The cutter-head shown is adapted for turning a bolt approximately twelve inches long but will be made in several different sizes for commercial use to machine bolts of different lengths. The length of the head will correspond approximately to the length of the bolt and the length of the other parts, namely, the blades,v guides and wedges will e correspondingly increased in length for longer bolts. The dotted lines in Fig. 3 indicate a head of longer dimension adapted for use on a larger size bolt. Each cutter-head, of course, will be capable of working on bolts within a wide range of diameters because of 'the adjustabilfity of the cutters and guides as will be understood.

The radial adjustment of the work engaging guides 80 is effected by coacting wedge members of identically the same construction as those described for adjusting the blades. |The construction and operation of these parts will, therefore9 not be repeated. Such duplication makes various parts interchangeable and enables manufacturing economies which will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.

Improved means are provided for locking or clamping the cu'tter-blades and guide members in their respective adjusted positions. The parts are arranged in pairs each pair including a guide and a cutter-blade and means are provided whereby the tightening of a single clamp screw will rigidly secure both the cutter-blade and guide member in their adjusted positions. AIhese means include a pair of clamp blocks 7 6 and 7 8 which engage respectively a flat side face of the blade 28 and a Ouide 30 as well as the side face of the adjusting wedges which move the blade and guide.

The clamp blocks are substantially of triangular shape in plan as shown in Figs. 10 and 11. They are each provided with a tapered face, the tapered lportion ofthe block 7 6 being indicated at 80 and a similar portion of the block 78 being indicated at 82. The tapers 8O and 82, as best shown in Fig. 7, are inclined oppositely or in other words their opposed faces converge toward one another. Vllhe faces 84 and 86 of the clamp blocks bear against the flat side faces of the blade and guide respectively. Coacting with the tapered faces 80 and 82 of the clamp blocks is a clamp wedge 91 having surfaces 88 and 90 which converge to ward one another to form a wedge for coactian with the tapered faces 80 and 82 respectively of the clamp blocks 7 6 and 78. This wedge member is provided with a T-head 92 having shoulders 94 and 9G which Iengage the rear surfaces 98 and 100 ofthe clamp blocks 76 and 78. The outer surface 102 of the i`head is seated against a bearing surface 104 formed in the cutter-head. Near one end thisV wedge member 91 is provided with a series of teeth 106 for engagement with the threads 108 of an adjusting screw 110 which is carried in a bearing 112. The adjusting screw 110 and bearing 112 are duplicates .ofthe parts used for adjusting the cutting blade and guide previously described. Turning the screw 110 will cause a longitudinal movement of the wedge member 91.' This will exert a pressure on" the clamp blocks 7 (i and 78 which in turn will transmit the pressure to the blade and guide respectively in a direction which is substantially normal or perpendicular to the'side faces of said members thus clamping them securely against the integral segments 114 of the cutter-head. These segments, as'shown in Figs. 2 and 4,-are integral with radial ribs 11b which extend inwardly from the vcylindrical shell 62 of the head. The inner ends' of the radial ribs 116 terminate in arcuate segmental flanges 118 which, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, extend longitudinally for practically the full length of thecutter-headl los ige

"Thesegments 114,'lflanges`118 and radial ribs '116 form afrigid support -of light construc- As shown in the drawings, the blades and "guides -are Yarranged-in 'pai-rs each pair-comprising one blade and one guide. A Each pair 'ott-elements can be individually adjusted to the proper position and then clamped in such position by turning up the screw 110 which will wedgethefparts `firmly against the corresponding integral segments 114. It is thus apparent thatthe various pairs can be individually adjusted and clamped in their adjusted position without interference because of the absolute integrality of the segments. Vhen the wedge member 44 is adjusted longitudinally, it has a tendency to move the wedge member 38 endwise as well as radially. The end thrust, however, is taken by a plate 11 secured yby screws 13 to the cutter-head. This plate has a central aperture 15 to permit the workv to extend therethrough.

The segments 114 above referred to connect flanged extensions 118 of the ribs 116 with the outer shell of the head. As shown in Figs. 3 and 6 vthese segmentsare spaced apart in a vertical plane so that they occur at regular intervals. The uppermost segment 114 forms bearings for the guides and blades at their extreme ends. The head is designed so that it can be utilized for cutting bolts `of varying lengths. As above stated the length of the head will extend approximately with the length of the bolt operated upon. By spacing the segments 114 at regular intervals `which correspond approximately with the increments in which the length of the bolts vary, the'cutter-head and size corresponding to a given length of bolt can be obtained by cutting the end of the casting off on a line flush with the top of the segments at a selected elevation. The wedge members are proportioned with respect to the longitudinal spacing between the segments 114 and therefore these membersl may also be cut off to correspond with the various lengths of bolts. This design per- .mits manufacturing economies it being appreciated that various lengths of cutterheads for operation on bolts of different lengths can be secured from the samedesign by merely terminating the head in alignment with the segments 114 at various elevations and making blades, guides and adjusting wedges of the corresponding length.

Though I have described with great particularity the details of the embodiment ot' the invention illustrated, it is not to be construed that I am limited thereto as changes in arrangement and substitution of equivalents may be' made by those skilled in the art without departing from the invention as defined in the appended claims.

VWhat I claim fis LA cutter-head including a plurality Iof integral skcletonized segments,A cutter-blades and guides arranged Iin `pairs seated against said segments and means for exerting a pressure in a -direction substantially normal to said blades-and guides for securelyclamping them against said segments whereby each pair can'fbe secured :in lposition inde- `pendently because ofthe Lintegralityof said segments..

E2. A cutter-head comprising a shell having inwardly extending ribs and flanges to form rigid integral skeletonized supporting segments, adjustable work engaging members seated against said segments and means for exerting a pressure on said members in a direction substantially normal to their faces to clamp them against said segments.

A cutter-head comprising a shell having inwardly extending ribs and flanges to form rigid integral supporting segments, ay cutter-blade, and a. work engaging guide seated lagainstsaid segments, clamp blocks engaging the flat side faces of said blade and guide and a wedge coacting with said clamp blocks to rigidly hold the blade and guide in position 4. A cutter-head comprising a shell having inwardly extending ribs and flanges to form rigid integral supporting segments, a cutter-blade, and a Work engaging guide seated against said segments, clamp blocks engaging the flat side faces of said blade and guide and a wedge coacting With said clan'ip blocks to rigidly hold the blade and guido in position and a screvs7 for moving and locking said wedge.

In combination with a cutter-head, an inwardly extending blade and a work engaging guide seated against an integral portion of said head, separate means for adjusting said blade and guide vtoward the central axis of the cutter-head including longitudinally movable members having-wedge surfaces, clamp blocks engaging said blade and guide, a wedge member between said clamp blocks and means for forcibly moving said wedge member longitudinally of the cut-ter-v head to rigidly clamp said blade and guide to the cutter-head in their respective adjusted positions. j

G. In cutter-head having a long blade extending longitudinally thereof, means for adjusting said blade toward the work comprising a wedge member having Iteeth cut in one face thereof, an adjusting screw engaging said teeth and a bearing for said screw detachably secured to the cutter-head.

7. A cutter-head having an adjustable cutter-blade and an adjust-able work engaging` guide, a clamp screw and means operatively associated vtherewith whereby both the blade and guide are securely clampedvto the head by the movement of said screw.

S. A cutter-head comprising a shell having inwardly extending ribs and flanges to torni i-igid integral supporting segments, the 'flanges being formed at spaced intervals in 5 the length of the head and being adapted to form supports tor the ends of cuttenblades and guides for heads ot different lengths.

9. A cutter-head having skeletonized supporting segments located at spaced intervals 10 in its length,

against said cutter-blades and guides seated segments, and multiple adjusting wedges, the cutter-head being designed to accommodate bolts of different lengths by terminating the head in -the plane of segments at a selected position in its length, the

lengths ot" the individual adjusting Wedges being oon'imensuiate with 4the length ot the cutter-head.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

JAMES A. EDEN, JP.. 

